r/hardware 1d ago

Discussion What will the U.S. government's shared ownership of Intel mean in practical terms?

How will, if at all, Intel's operations, activity and function change in the short term and long term with the U.S. government now owning 10% of the company?

102 Upvotes

145 comments sorted by

164

u/heickelrrx 1d ago

Considering TSMC and Samsung also Backed by their government the possibility benefit as follow

  • Easier access when doing paperwork or legal stuff within the US border, This involve leasing new place, acquire new land, or when try acquire other company they can get the right people faster and if having issue with permit they have leveredge to be prioritized
  • Bill, Law and executive order may lean to benefit them
  • a bit more relax enforcing on anti trust law enforcing, They may can get away on some that are unclear or on gray area unless it straight up blatantly illegal
  • Steady income from prioritization on government contract, at very least, The goverment office will prioritize Intel product if available

Considering Leading edge Semiconductor Fabrication are all Backed by Government, This isn't new, in fact United States are Late for the trend, because this is an industry that extremely expensive and require support to growing

35

u/SERIVUBSEV 1d ago

This completely ignores all the other situation surrounding Intel. TSMC and Samsung aren't down bad.

  • Can Intel assume US govt will keep supporting it, and thus keep going for future nodes without major orders?
  • Will continued failure not result in breaking down Intel for parts now, or is it more likely as "national security" has vote in major decisions?
  • Can political lobbying influence the direction of Intel now?

10

u/heickelrrx 1d ago
  • if it profitable they probably did, it's a huge asset that pay dividend
  • it depends on political landscape when it happen
  • They already did even before this

8

u/BowlCutKing 1d ago

Due to poor performance, Intel no longer pays a dividend. Zero.

6

u/hardware2win 1d ago

What dividend

2

u/hwgod 16h ago

if it profitable they probably did, it's a huge asset that pay dividend

Their foundry is currently worth significantly less than the paper value of its assets, and is running deeply in the red.

3

u/MarsupialFrequent685 1d ago

Cant really compare Samsung and TSMC to intel......Samsung is a profitable company and is successful in developing technologies and chip making in all parts. Samsung practically owns the government than the other way around. TSMC is the largest global chip maker and doesn't really rely on the govt at all.

Intel is neither that profitable and has been struggling development wise. That only thing the US govt can do is provide more access to manufacturing plants or support intel in building more. But this doesn't solve the underyling problems Intel has.

3

u/Eclipsed830 1d ago

I'm not sure on Samsung, but the Taiwanese government doesn't really support TSMC like many people think. They aren't getting subsidies or benefits from the Taiwanese government that other companies aren't eligible for. The majority of "help" TSMC gets is in the form of tax rebates from the local city governments that they build in.

The National Development Council owns aren't 6% of TSMC... But this is just part of Taiwan's overall pension investments for the citizens.

14

u/stevenseven2 22h ago

The majority of "help" TSMC gets is in the form of tax rebates

That's the same as a subsidy in practice. Tax rebates, just like government procurements or contracts, are essentially one of many fiscal measures that governments use to "hide" the fact that they're directly subsidizing a company (which they might be restricted from doing due to either public disagreements or international trade agreements).

If I pay you 1000 USD to spend on the doctor vs. if I give you a tax rebate equivalent of 1000 USD for an appointment with the doctor, it comes out the same in the end. Likewise, the government giving a tech company 200 million in tax rebate for the factory they built vs them giving them 200 million, ends up being the same thing.

Public perception is actually a big factor, and is one of the reasons why the military industrial complex exists. It's much easier to get the public to support government funding of "defense", and having your major economic sectors (airplanes, tech, automotive, etc.) entangled in it, then to tell a citizen that they are paying their tax dollars to fund Boeing or Amazon or Apple. For example one of the ways this works is through agencies like DARPA, which is the source of s øot of the major innovations that eventually is freely handed over to private industry to commercialize.

2

u/Eclipsed830 22h ago

The tax benefits are given by local governments, not the national government (was my point).

10

u/stevenseven2 22h ago

That's a technicality. Point is that it comes out of the public ,(taxpayer) funding.

9

u/hwgod 16h ago

Intel's gotten that from the states for a long time. So it's not an argument for federal control.

3

u/stevenseven2 16h ago

It actually is, as the difference here is that one is taxpayer (public) money funding the cost, whereas all the profit is privatized. In this instance at least part of the profit goes back into the pockets of the public.

It's a pretty perverted version of "capitalism" when the free market peinciples only apply to the profits, whereas costs are socialized, when it comes to big corporations.

5

u/hwgod 16h ago

Then you're not arguing for the same things Taiwan does at all, much less China. In China in particular, failing companies are allowed to fail and be replaced.

6

u/Pitiful_Hedgehog6343 18h ago

The Taiwan government literally has a seat on the board and is the largest investor in TSMC with a near 7% stake.

2

u/Eclipsed830 18h ago

Yes, I said that.

9

u/YYM7 1d ago

https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2023/04/19/1170425349/epic-drought-in-taiwan-pits-farmers-against-high-tech-factories-for-water

Taiwan gov literally pay rice farmer to not plant rice in drought, to save water for TSMC.

8

u/Eclipsed830 1d ago

This article is taking a lot of things out of context... yes, farmers (not TSMC) received subsidies during the drought. Notice how the article says TSMC is building... the fab wasn't even finished yet, nor connected to the water supply. This has more to do with the climate and drought, and almost nothing to do with TSMC. That being said, Science Parks in Taiwan do have priority to both water and electricity resources, but any company can apply to be within a Science Park and SME also have priority over larger companies if the space is limited.

0

u/hollow_bridge 1d ago

There's no reason to think any of this is correct.
Nothing functionally changed with this deal; additionally much of this was already part of the chips act.
Intel received zero new funding, the funds are from the grants they already received. And the government waived all voting power, they have to vote with the board.
The only real difference is that this removes power from the shareholders, who might vote against the board.

-1

u/jeffy303 1d ago

None of this is true. Samsung and TSMC make up not insignificant portion of their respective GDPs. Pretty significant portion if you include the secondary businesses. Intel on the other hand is a washed up company and even if their revenue was 10x it would still be tiny fraction of US economy.

It's just an asset that US treasury owns, which is not that unusual, nothing will happen with it and at some point, when WH is not staffed by a clowncar of idiots, they'll get rid of it with a gradual sale. Though there is a decent chance the corrupt degenerate in office tries to transfer it under his personal portfolio before he leaves.

34

u/grumble11 1d ago

Realistically, the US government was panicking about intel’s decision to suspend the fab buildout it had planned in Ohio. Ohio is a swing state and that plant would have resulted in many thousands of excellent jobs in an area that needed them. By investing in Intel, they likely can force them to continue building out Ohio.

Now Ohio should be suspended because it relies on having external customers, and Intel hasn’t gotten any and might never get any.

In the short term this is good for Intel. They have implicit government backing. Longer term this may be bad, since the government will make Intel do stuff that is not good for their business (like building out facilities for political aims and so on).

8

u/hollow_bridge 1d ago

This won't affect intels decision to suspend the fab buildout, actually it makes it more likely. As the Gov shares have to vote following the intel board.

1

u/Z3r0sama2017 1h ago

Unless they try pushing sonething dumb like more buybacks.

24

u/LangyMD 1d ago

I suspect the panic went far beyond fear of lost potential jobs. The US government has national security reasons to want the US to have strong, fully US owned and operated chip foundries, and not all of those reasons need those foundries to have external customers.

5

u/hwgod 16h ago

By investing in Intel, they likely can force them to continue building out Ohio.

That's not part of the deal. It was part of the CHIPS Act.

1

u/Z3r0sama2017 1h ago

That's the price Intel had to pay to guarantee it will still exist in a few years time.

37

u/ImSpartacus811 1d ago

It's symbolic. 

The US is signaling that it [literally] has stake in Intel's success. 

This signal is important to the markets. It's important to allied nations. It's important to rival nations. 

One can speculate that Intel will gain access to future deals for cheap US-backed credit to stay afloat and expand R&D. But it's also easy to speculate that Intel might lose some autonomy. 

9

u/DonTaddeo 1d ago

Doesn't this dilute the equity other investors have in the company?

9

u/hollow_bridge 1d ago

yes, and more than that it dilutes the voting power, as the gov shares are all required to vote with the board.

4

u/MarsupialFrequent685 1d ago

I think the other investors is more confident that the govt is backing intel. But private investors may not like doing business with the govt..

4

u/Pirwzy 15h ago

It means now taxpayer dollars will flood in to bail them out. Garbage.

44

u/Deathnote_Blockchain 1d ago

It's pretty great when the entities in charge of regulating a company have financial interests in it! 

77

u/Pure_Inspection697 1d ago

No different than TSMC, SMIC and Samsung. US was the only outlier still trying to pretend like this wasn't political.

8

u/Deathnote_Blockchain 1d ago

So where those companies totally public for years before effectively being shaken down by their government for a sizeable percentage? 

Did the authoritarians who demanded they hand over the shares come from a political movement which spent at least the last 70 years decrying government interference in markets?

0

u/DeadlyGlasses 1d ago

How is it the same? Taiwan, China all these country give money to those who are good at it. Intel is not good at the things it do.

Taiwan and China goal by subsidizing critical companies is to make them better. US primary goal of subsidizing companies is to make sure billionaire not lose more money. And the cheapest and easiest ways to do achieve that goal is not invest in the future but bring down competetors.

So yes if you are Intel bag holder it is good for you but if you are US resident that means US will now do anything in its power to make the competition worse in order to bring competition to Intel level.

10

u/Pure_Inspection697 21h ago

Taiwan and China subsidized their companies from the ground floor before they ever produced a single wafer.

-1

u/DeadlyGlasses 21h ago

Yes. They have very fixed goal of making the leading edge node. What exactly is US goal here? Making as much profit as quickly as possible. And how do you make as much profit as possible for your company as a country?

4

u/Pure_Inspection697 20h ago

Where are you even getting this nonsense? Intel is losing money like crazy and US investment isn't going to magically make it profitable.

-2

u/DeadlyGlasses 20h ago

Exactly! Intel is losing. Why Intel is losing ever wonder? Cause they are terrible at the job.

By government intervention they will reward Intel by them being terrible at it. Taiwan and China reward companies who are good at it. US government intervention will not do anything good.

5

u/Netblock 1d ago

The ethical concern doesn't lie in the fact of state ownership/control by itself; it can go both ways, for example public infrastructure and welfare. The ethical concern lies in how much power the people/proletariat have over their government; such a timeless problem.

7

u/arc-minute 1d ago

And said entities are of dubious moral/legal character. Does this actually make Intel Foundry more appealing to anyone?

11

u/TophxSmash 1d ago

nothing dubious about it, very firmly untrustworthy.

2

u/pifhluk 1d ago

I'm surprised more people aren't reacting negatively to this, it's literally what China does. Bad businesses are supposed to fail.

1

u/Prefix-NA 1d ago

Samsung is 20% of south Korea gdp and is subsidized by government.

23

u/Adventurous_Tea_2198 1d ago

It means intel will gradually become less competitive over time as it can always rely on a bailout, eventually joining the ranks of GM, Boeing, etc.

7

u/hollow_bridge 1d ago

It's not a bailout, they received no new money, the money is from the already applied grants.

4

u/hwgod 16h ago

Grants that they would otherwise not receive for failing to meet the required criteria.

0

u/hollow_bridge 12h ago

They already received the grants.

2

u/hwgod 8h ago

No, that's literally where this money is coming from.

1

u/Mental-At-ThirtyFive 21h ago

I did not realize GM is getting bailed out - did not see any news about it in 2025 or the last year either.

1

u/Marksta 17h ago

Intel has become less competitive over time for the last 10+ years, they're already at the Boeing level. Instead of a new generation of planes falling out of skies, they had a generation of CPUs completely fail. If their products could kill, they'd have a kill count well into the 100 thousands. If they can get worse than an entirely faulty product, it'll be very surprising to see.

17

u/Pitiful_Hedgehog6343 1d ago

TSMC and Samsung are heavily subsidized by their respective governments. They even got CHIPS act grants without giving equity. I hope Intel succeeds, they're a national security asset.

-4

u/Eclipsed830 1d ago

TSMC isn't heavily subsidized by the Taiwanese government. Subsidies in Taiwan typically go to SME, of which TSMC is not.

Most of the benefits Taiwan gets come from local city governments in the form of tax rebates, not from the national government.

1

u/Pitiful_Hedgehog6343 1d ago

Taiwan owns a significant portion of TSMC through its National Development Fund and the government's board seat, making the government the largest single shareholder, though the majority of the company is owned by foreign investors. This relationship creates a mutually beneficial and dependent dynamic between the company, which is critical to Taiwan's economy, and the Taiwanese government.  

Taiwan's Stake in TSMC 

Government as Largest Shareholder:

The Taiwanese government, through the National Development Fund, remains TSMC's largest individual shareholder, holding a 6.38% stake as of August 2024.

Critical to the Economy:

TSMC is Taiwan's largest company and a dominant force in the global semiconductor industry, with its integrated circuit exports representing a significant portion of Taiwan's GDP.

A Strategic Partnership:

The relationship is often described as a "lips and teeth" dynamic, indicating a deep, mutual dependency between the independent company and the government.

Foreign Ownership

Majority Foreign-Owned:

While the Taiwanese government holds a significant stake, the majority of TSMC's shares are owned by foreign investors and institutions. 

Market Capitalization:

The company's large market capitalization attracts substantial foreign investment, which has played a key role in its growth. 

3

u/hwgod 16h ago

You claimed subsidies. Nothing in that wall of (AI generated?) text is there the claim of such subsidies.

2

u/csf3lih 6h ago

oh let me call china, they are very experienced in this area.

6

u/recaffeinated 1d ago

That I'm unlikely to buy an intel product again.

9

u/meshreplacer 1d ago

Well I went Apple silicon because Intel CPUs have fallen behind lol nothing political.

0

u/zsaleeba 1d ago

I'm sure the NSA is going to be really happy with this news, if you know what I mean.

-11

u/DaddaMongo 1d ago

I remember years ago when intel tried putting some sort of tracking / spyware in the chips so definitely buying  a US backed chip is a really bad idea for any individual or company in the future.

23

u/Dapman02 1d ago

Both AMD and Intel have a Secure Enclave type solution 

2

u/recaffeinated 1d ago

which is the most likely vector for NSA access

4

u/Dapman02 1d ago

But don't just blame Intel for that if everyone does it.

9

u/notam00se 1d ago

The Intel Management Engine, also known as the Intel Manageability Engine, is an autonomous subsystem that has been incorporated in virtually all of Intel's processor chipsets since 2008. It is located in the Platform Controller Hub of modern Intel motherboards. The Intel Management Engine always runs as long as the motherboard is receiving power, even when the computer is turned off.

AMD has similar management engine. Both have had vulnerabilities, but have not been historically concerning. The main intended use is corporate manageability.

But having an authoritarian government take ownership isn't the best look for customers.

2

u/DaddaMongo 1d ago

No don't think that's it.  Here's an article from 2000 regarding what I mean.

https://www.wired.com/2000/04/intel-nixes-chip-tracking-id/

5

u/AstroNaut765 1d ago

Unfortunately this happened on both sides intel/amd. (Ivy bridge/zen 2)

https://www.phoronix.com/news/AMD-PPIN-Processor-ID-Linux

0

u/hollow_bridge 1d ago

The Intel Management Engine always runs as long as the motherboard is receiving power, even when the computer is turned off

Electricity when they are powered off? sure...

7

u/Dijky 1d ago

ATX power supplies provide standby power to the mainboard when the PC is turned off but still connected to mains power. 

0

u/hollow_bridge 1d ago

standby is 5v only, Which the cpu doesn't use. it's for turning on the machine basically, but nothing on the cpu is powered or in used with standby power.

7

u/shugthedug3 1d ago

You think people are lying about the ME? It has been studied enough to confirm it is active on standby power. That's a basic necessity for some of its functions, the clue is in the word management.

It's also in the chipset, not the CPU.

1

u/tmanred 19h ago

Look up what a bmc is. I have a supermicro server motherboard with one for my nas and the bmc is on all the time and I am using a standard Seasonic ATX power supply. 

1

u/hollow_bridge 19h ago

bmc

most motherboards dont have one though, it's an addon feature.

2

u/tmanred 18h ago

It is pretty much standard on any server motherboard. Look at basically anything sold by supermicro or Asrock rack. But the point is that it is always on even when the server itself is off and using a standard atx power supply. It has to be to be able to provide the web interface you can log in to to power on the main server. There is nothing stopping intel management engine from doing the same. 

1

u/hollow_bridge 11h ago

sure it is normal on server motherboards, but it's not normal on laptop or desktop motherboards so what's the point, IME is not phoning home to provide a back door.

https://old.reddit.com/r/privacy/comments/11i9k7k/intel_management_engine_has_anyone_ever_proved/

3

u/GreatSituation886 1d ago

It means I’ll never buy another Intel CPU again. 

27

u/Pitiful_Hedgehog6343 1d ago

TSMC got 6.6 billion for free, will you not buy AMD, Apple or Nvidia too?

15

u/Sasha_bb 1d ago

Do you expect people to be rational or consistent on Reddit? It's all virtue signaling.

7

u/imaginary_num6er 1d ago

TSMC volunteered to return the money per their statement to WSJ if it means having the US take a stake in it

1

u/hwgod 16h ago

TSMC got 6.6 billion for free

No, they met the criteria for the funding by actually building something. Unlike Intel.

2

u/Pitiful_Hedgehog6343 11h ago

Intel has built several huge new fabs in Oregon and Arizona, that are just now nearing completing, and a state of the art packaging plant in New Mexico.

1

u/hwgod 8h ago

That's still not enough to meet their funding obligations.

22

u/sentientsackofmeat 1d ago

The insane amount of money it costs to fabricate CPUs almost requires some level of government backing. All of the foundry competitors (TSMC, Samsung and SMIC) are backed by their respective governments.

-18

u/GreatSituation886 1d ago

But I trust those governments to not install backdoors. America, on the other hand...

20

u/nanonan 1d ago

You already have them. The US doesn't need ownership stakes to force backdoors into hardware.

15

u/LangyMD 1d ago

Why do you trust them not to install backdoors?

21

u/Kenya151 1d ago

If you really don’t think those devices are also compromised you are living a sheltered life

7

u/unapologetic-tur 1d ago

You trust SMIC of all fucking companies to not install back doors? Man, what is up with you people???

-1

u/hwgod 16h ago

"Backed" how? TSMC doesn't rely on bailouts to fund their fabs. And Intel used to have a ton of money, but they misspent it.

2

u/sentientsackofmeat 16h ago

Here is a pretty good overview of tsmc and the Taiwanese government: https://dominotheory.com/tsmc-and-taiwans-government-two-boats-on-the-same-tide/ There were management missteps by intel but basically without intel there is nobody else in the USA doing semiconductor fabrication research. So sure we could let intel die due to past management mistakes but then that would basically make the USA pretty reliant on Taiwan and south Korea for a key industry of the future.

-4

u/imaginary_num6er 1d ago

Well it could mean a gold-plated Battlemage "Patriot" Edition GPUs or backdoors that flag those critical of those of the current admin with unexpected hardware failures on their system.

6

u/Morningst4r 1d ago

I think you're fantasising about things this admin is neither competent enough to nor have enough time to pull off.

0

u/giganticwrap 1d ago

People outside of the US will double down on boycotting

11

u/Sasha_bb 1d ago

Is this like your wet dream or something?

6

u/giganticwrap 1d ago

I wouldn't say wet, but certainly something I practice and support.

1

u/Sasha_bb 7h ago

very cool.

1

u/giganticwrap 4h ago

It will be!

1

u/sir_sri 1d ago

It depends what the government wants to do with their ownership stake.

The government could view this as essentially a hands off investment where it will sell shares at some point in the future but keep hands off the management of the company.

Some of the chips act and this investment are really about strategic goals rather than purely bailing out Intel. Intel still has a both 55 billion dollars in revenue, down from about 75, but all of that 20 gap has basically gone to amd who have gone from 7 to 30. Tsmc has gone from 25 billion in revenue in 2015 to 90 ish billion now (a lot of which is mobile phone chips, Nvidia, and legacy stuff that is critical but boring like car part.)

The problem with strategic investments, say in critical industry or minerals is that you are overpaying or subsidizing something that otherwise would not be a great choice on purely financial grounds. Intel might be forced to keep old factories running longer, or open up its foundries to competitors so that parts can be made in the US rather than somewhere else, even if that means paying an extra 30 or 50% for the chips or wafers themselves (which is not 30 to 50% on the final price of goods). On the other hand commitments to keep the foundry running longer makes them a more attractive supplier to defence, aerospace, automotive. You don't want to find out you need parts for a 10 year old car or plane that can't be made anymore.

This could also be a big help to Intel on cash flow, even though there are other ways to structure such a deal (bonds for example). Going from 75 to 55 billion in revenue is going to hurt, a lot. But to pick up 10 ish billion dollars in cash gives some breathing room, and also the capital to invest more in people, R&D, and factories, ultimately for new products.

Where this can go to shit is the government trying to flex their ownership stake to make strategically relevant but economically bad products. Imagine the government says to make millions of celestial and druid GPUs even if they end up terrible or if they tell Intel to cut off the Taiwan and Israeli offices to focus on the US and lose that talent or the like. Government intervention can be good, or it can be bad. And the government can change their mind on a moments notice.

3

u/hollow_bridge 1d ago

The government could view this as essentially a hands off investment

They are required to, the gov shares all vote with the board.

Some of the chips act and this investment are really about strategic goals rather than purely bailing out Intel.

This isn't a bailout at all, Intel received no new funding, the funds that are used for this were already given to intel via the chips act.

1

u/Marv18GOAT 6h ago

Leave the chip making before the chip making leaves you

1

u/OtherOtherDave 4h ago

I’m pretty sure all it really means is that Intel won’t be allowed to close their foundry business anymore. It is very much in the US’s best interest to have the ability to fab reasonably advanced chips domestically so that we can still keep making stuff for the military/national security if China invades Taiwan and gets TSMC.

u/Nicholas-Steel 17m ago

It obviously means they're gonna sneak in encryption backdoors, obviously /s

-7

u/apresmoiputas 1d ago

But how is this not extortion?

16

u/jeeg123 1d ago

Are you saying TSMC, Samsung, SMIC are all being extorted by their home Government?

19

u/I_Am_A_Door_Knob 1d ago

In Samsungs case it would be the other way around.

6

u/Raikaru 1d ago

wasn’t TSMC literally part of the government since the beginning? Was there ever an independent TSMC?

11

u/Pure_Inspection697 1d ago

Never existed.

-1

u/gumol 1d ago

it's a trade: Intel is getting billions of dollars from the govt in exchange

6

u/BrushPsychological74 1d ago

getting billions of dollars from the govt in exchange

From tax payers.

2

u/gumol 1d ago edited 1d ago

yep, govt is funded by tax payers.

I don't like govt/tax payers giving multi billion subsidies to businesses, but I think it's even dumber if the govt/tax payers don't get anything in return.

1

u/BrushPsychological74 1d ago

I generally agree, but when it comes to global competition, I would rather have it than not.

1

u/hollow_bridge 1d ago

No, intel is receiving no new cash, it's the fund from the grants they've already received.

-5

u/Pure_Inspection697 1d ago

No they don't. The government is buying existing shares. New shares aren't being issued.

8

u/meshreplacer 1d ago

No intel is issuing shares at a discount price to current market. Intel has to issue equity in order to get the money. Stock trading on the open market is between non related participants and do not add to the balance sheet as issuing to the US will.

6

u/gumol 1d ago

The government is buying existing shares.

aren't those shares owned by Intel?

So if Intel sells 10% of itself in return for billions of dollars, isn't that a trade?

-9

u/Pure_Inspection697 1d ago

No because 100% of Intel is already sold. The government isn't giving Intel a cent.. they're giving money to other investors like Blackrock, Vanguard and likely your 401k.

7

u/gumol 1d ago

do you have a source? Everything I've read says that Intel will get money from the govt.

Also, the shares were sold at a discount to market prices. How does this work? The transaction is also supposedly complete - did 10% of Intel trade in a single day?

2

u/Pure_Inspection697 1d ago

Intel is getting the CHIPs Act funding it was already promised. No new monies are going to Intel as a result of this "deal".

1

u/gumol 1d ago

Intel is getting the CHIPs Act funding it was already promised.

the promise wasn't guaranteed to be fulfilled. It could've been cancelled.

No new monies are going to Intel as a result of this "deal".

so where are the shares coming from?

-5

u/[deleted] 1d ago

[removed] — view removed comment

-1

u/CeBlu3 17h ago

They are buying common stock. Presumably on the stock market, which will help the stock price, but Intel doesn’t see that money (unless Intel is selling them that stock)?

6

u/hwgod 16h ago

Presumably on the stock market

No, it's dilution.